Python:通过自定义系统级快捷键来控制程序运行

来源：岁月联盟 编辑：exp 时间：2012-03-09

 晚上学习了下python定义系统级快捷键的方法，这里说的系统级快捷键指的是,如果当前程序窗口不为激活窗口，也能收到快捷键消息，实现的是一个控制键盘和鼠标监听的程序，如，按下Ctrl + F3,程序开始记录监控日志。本来想实现按下Ctrl + F4程序程序停止记录日志，但测试时遇到了一个没有目前还没有想到解决办法的问题，先看实现。

一、代码：

[python]
#!/usr/bin/env python  
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-  
 
import pythoncom 
import pyHook 
import time 
import pyhk 
import os 
import sys 
import ctypes 
from ctypes import wintypes 
import win32con 
 
 
class CInspectKeyAndMouseEvent: 
    '''''
    Function:键盘和鼠标监控类
    Input：NONE
    Output: NONE
    author: socrates
    blog:http://blog.csdn.net/dyx1024
    date:2012-03-09
    '''  
    def __init__(self, filename): 
        self.filename = filename 
         
    def open_file(self): 
        self.fobj = open(self.filename,  'w')  
         
    def close_file(self): 
        self.fobj.close()     
         
    def onMouseEvent(self, event):       
        "处理鼠标事件" 
        self.fobj.writelines('-' * 20 + 'MouseEvent Begin' + '-' * 20 + '/n') 
        self.fobj.writelines("Current Time:%s/n" % time.strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime())) 
        self.fobj.writelines("MessageName:%s/n" % str(event.MessageName)) 
        self.fobj.writelines("Message:%d/n" % event.Message) 
        self.fobj.writelines("Time_sec:%d/n" % event.Time) 
        self.fobj.writelines("Window:%s/n" % str(event.Window)) 
        self.fobj.writelines("WindowName:%s/n" % str(event.WindowName)) 
        self.fobj.writelines("Position:%s/n" % str(event.Position)) 
        self.fobj.writelines('-' * 20 + 'MouseEvent End' + '-' * 20 + '/n') 
        return True 
     
    def onKeyboardEvent(self, event):  
        "处理键盘事件"    
        self.fobj.writelines('-' * 20 + 'Keyboard Begin' + '-' * 20 + '/n') 
        self.fobj.writelines("Current Time:%s/n" % time.strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime())) 
        self.fobj.writelines("MessageName:%s/n" % str(event.MessageName)) 
        self.fobj.writelines("Message:%d/n" % event.Message) 
        self.fobj.writelines("Time:%d/n" % event.Time) 
        self.fobj.writelines("Window:%s/n" % str(event.Window)) 
        self.fobj.writelines("WindowName:%s/n" % str(event.WindowName)) 
        self.fobj.writelines("Ascii_code: %d/n" % event.Ascii) 
        self.fobj.writelines("Ascii_char:%s/n" % chr(event.Ascii)) 
        self.fobj.writelines("Key:%s/n" % str(event.Key)) 
        self.fobj.writelines('-' * 20 + 'Keyboard End' + '-' * 20 + '/n') 
        return True 
 
def InspectKeyAndMouseEvent(bRunTag = False): 
    "" 
    if bRunTag: 
        my_event = CInspectKeyAndMouseEvent("D://hook_log.txt") 
        my_event.open_file() 
      
        #创建hook句柄  
        hm = pyHook.HookManager() 
 
        #监控键盘  
        hm.KeyDown = my_event.onKeyboardEvent 
        hm.HookKeyboard() 
 
        #监控鼠标  
        hm.MouseAll = my_event.onMouseEvent 
        hm.HookMouse() 
     
        #循环获取消息  
        pythoncom.PumpMessages() 
        my_event.close_file()  
    else:  #程序走不到这里，直接在PumpMessages处不停地监听  
        os._exit(0)                 
      
def handle_start_InspecEvent(): 
    "开始监控（按下Ctrl + F3）" 
    InspectKeyAndMouseEvent(True) 
 
def handle_stop_InspecEvent(): 
    "停止监控  (按下Ctrl + F4)" 
    InspectKeyAndMouseEvent(False)    
         
           
if __name__ == "__main__":      
    '''''
    Function:通过快捷键控制程序运行
    Input：NONE
    Output: NONE
    author: socrates
    blog:http://blog.csdn.net/dyx1024
    date:2012-03-09
    '''   
     
    byref = ctypes.byref 
    user32 = ctypes.windll.user32 
     
    #定义快捷键  
    HOTKEYS = { 
               1 : (win32con.VK_F3, win32con.MOD_CONTROL), 
               2 : (win32con.VK_F4, win32con.MOD_CONTROL) 
               } 
 
    #快捷键对应的驱动函数  
    HOTKEY_ACTIONS = { 
        1 : handle_start_InspecEvent, 
        2 : handle_stop_InspecEvent 
        }     
 
    #注册快捷键  
    for id, (vk, modifiers) in HOTKEYS.items (): 
        if not user32.RegisterHotKey (None, id, modifiers, vk): 
            print "Unable to register id", id     
     
    #启动监听          
    try: 
        msg = wintypes.MSG () 
        while user32.GetMessageA (byref (msg), None, 0, 0) != 0: 
            if msg.message == win32con.WM_HOTKEY: 
                action_to_take = HOTKEY_ACTIONS.get (msg.wParam) 
                if action_to_take: 
                    action_to_take () 
 
            user32.TranslateMessage (byref (msg)) 
            user32.DispatchMessageA (byref (msg)) 
 
    finally: 
        for id in HOTKEYS.keys (): 
            user32.UnregisterHotKey (None, id)  
     
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import pythoncom
import pyHook
import time
import pyhk
import os
import sys
import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes
import win32con


class CInspectKeyAndMouseEvent:
    '''
    Function:键盘和鼠标监控类
    Input：NONE
    Output: NONE
    author: socrates
    blog:http://blog.csdn.net/dyx1024
    date:2012-03-09
    '''
    def __init__(self, filename):
        self.filename = filename
       
    def open_file(self):
        self.fobj = open(self.filename,  'w')
       
    def close_file(self):
        self.fobj.close()   
       
    def onMouseEvent(self, event):     
        "处理鼠标事件"
        self.fobj.writelines('-' * 20 + 'MouseEvent Begin' + '-' * 20 + '/n')
        self.fobj.writelines("Current Time:%s/n" % time.strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime()))
        self.fobj.writelines("MessageName:%s/n" % str(event.MessageName))
        self.fobj.writelines("Message:%d/n" % event.Message)
        self.fobj.writelines("Time_sec:%d/n" % event.Time)
        self.fobj.writelines("Window:%s/n" % str(event.Window))
        self.fobj.writelines("WindowName:%s/n" % str(event.WindowName))
        self.fobj.writelines("Position:%s/n" % str(event.Position))
        self.fobj.writelines('-' * 20 + 'MouseEvent End' + '-' * 20 + '/n')
        return True
   
    def onKeyboardEvent(self, event):
        "处理键盘事件"  
        self.fobj.writelines('-' * 20 + 'Keyboard Begin' + '-' * 20 + '/n')
        self.fobj.writelines("Current Time:%s/n" % time.strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime()))
        self.fobj.writelines("MessageName:%s/n" % str(event.MessageName))
        self.fobj.writelines("Message:%d/n" % event.Message)
        self.fobj.writelines("Time:%d/n" % event.Time)
        self.fobj.writelines("Window:%s/n" % str(event.Window))
        self.fobj.writelines("WindowName:%s/n" % str(event.WindowName))
        self.fobj.writelines("Ascii_code: %d/n" % event.Ascii)
        self.fobj.writelines("Ascii_char:%s/n" % chr(event.Ascii))
        self.fobj.writelines("Key:%s/n" % str(event.Key))
        self.fobj.writelines('-' * 20 + 'Keyboard End' + '-' * 20 + '/n')
        return True

def InspectKeyAndMouseEvent(bRunTag = False):
    ""
    if bRunTag:
        my_event = CInspectKeyAndMouseEvent("D://hook_log.txt")
        my_event.open_file()
    
        #创建hook句柄
        hm = pyHook.HookManager()

        #监控键盘
        hm.KeyDown = my_event.onKeyboardEvent
        hm.HookKeyboard()

        #监控鼠标
        hm.MouseAll = my_event.onMouseEvent
        hm.HookMouse()
   
        #循环获取消息
        pythoncom.PumpMessages()
        my_event.close_file()
    else:  #程序走不到这里，直接在PumpMessages处不停地监听
        os._exit(0)               
    
def handle_start_InspecEvent():
    "开始监控（按下Ctrl + F3）"
    InspectKeyAndMouseEvent(True)

def handle_stop_InspecEvent():
    "停止监控  (按下Ctrl + F4)"
    InspectKeyAndMouseEvent(False)  
       
         
if __name__ == "__main__":    
    '''
    Function:通过快捷键控制程序运行
    Input：NONE
    Output: NONE
    author: socrates
    blog:http://blog.csdn.net/dyx1024
    date:2012-03-09
    ''' 
   
    byref = ctypes.byref
    user32 = ctypes.windll.user32
   
    #定义快捷键
    HOTKEYS = {
               1 : (win32con.VK_F3, win32con.MOD_CONTROL),
               2 : (win32con.VK_F4, win32con.MOD_CONTROL)
               }

    #快捷键对应的驱动函数
    HOTKEY_ACTIONS = {
        1 : handle_start_InspecEvent,
        2 : handle_stop_InspecEvent
        }   

    #注册快捷键
    for id, (vk, modifiers) in HOTKEYS.items ():
        if not user32.RegisterHotKey (None, id, modifiers, vk):
            print "Unable to register id", id   
   
    #启动监听       
    try:
        msg = wintypes.MSG ()
        while user32.GetMessageA (byref (msg), None, 0, 0) != 0:
            if msg.message == win32con.WM_HOTKEY:
                action_to_take = HOTKEY_ACTIONS.get (msg.wParam)
                if action_to_take:
                    action_to_take ()

            user32.TranslateMessage (byref (msg))
            user32.DispatchMessageA (byref (msg))

    finally:
        for id in HOTKEYS.keys ():
            user32.UnregisterHotKey (None, id)
   
二、测试

 按下Ctrl + F3后，程序开始记录日志，正常。

 按下Ctrl + F4后，程序并没有停止记录日志，异常。因为在记录日志时，启动了pythoncom.PumpMessages()，不停地循环来获取消息，程序不能继续往下走。目前还没有想到解决方案，明天接着想想看有没有什么好的方法。

 

摘自  Socrates的专栏
 
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