完美的服务器--Ubuntu 9.04 ISPconfig设置 (中)
11，安装必须的软件包
这些软件包是后面的服务需要的：
aptitude install binutils cpp fetchmail flex gcc libarchive-zip-perl libc6-dev libcompress-zlib-perl libdb4.6-dev libpcre3 libpopt-dev lynx m4 make ncftp nmap openssl perl perl-modules unzip zip zlib1g-dev autoconf automake1.9 libtool bison autotools-dev g build-essential
（一行以内完成）
12，安装Quota
如果你之前的分区表和我的不同，你应该在这里做相应的调整
安装
aptitude install quota
编辑/etc/fstab,我的是这样的:
vi /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'vol_id --uuid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
# / was on /dev/mapper/server1-root during installation
UUID=b8d265bc-5959-404d-a68e-8dc1c76f18d6 / ext3 relatime,errors=remount-ro,usrquota,grpquota 0 1
# /boot was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=01e9c3c7-2ad0-4f52-a356-18290517b362 /boot ext2 relatime 0 2
# swap was on /dev/mapper/server1-swap_1 during installation
UUID=c1e0bcbb-5c73-4bd2-a7b2-8beeb7526200 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0
/dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto,exec,utf8 0 0
启动quota
touch /quota.user /quota.group
chmod 600 /quota.*
mount -o remount /
quotacheck -avugm
quotaon -avug
13，DNS 服务器
安装
aptitude install bind9
因为安全原因，我们应该以chroot模式运行bind
/etc/init.d/bind9 stop
编辑文件 /etc/default/bind9 让bind守护进程以非特权用户bind的身份运行,chroot到/var/lib/named.编辑此行: OPTIONS="-u bind" so that it reads OPTIONS="-u bind -t /var/lib/named":
vi /etc/default/bind9
# run resolvconf?
RESOLVCONF=yes
# startup options for the server
OPTIONS="-u bind -t /var/lib/named"
在/var/lib下创建必须的文件夹
mkdir -p /var/lib/named/etc
mkdir /var/lib/named/dev
mkdir -p /var/lib/named/var/cache/bind
mkdir -p /var/lib/named/var/run/bind/run
把配置文件夹从/etc移入到/var/lib/named/etc:
mv /etc/bind /var/lib/named/etc
在老文件夹里创建一个软链接到新的配置文件夹（确保bind能正常更新）
ln -s /var/lib/named/etc/bind /etc/bind
创建空设备和随机设备，修正文件权限：
mknod /var/lib/named/dev/null c 1 3
mknod /var/lib/named/dev/random c 1 8
chmod 666 /var/lib/named/dev/null /var/lib/named/dev/random
chown -R bind:bind /var/lib/named/var/*
chown -R bind:bind /var/lib/named/etc/bind
编辑/etc/default/syslogd 使得重要的登录信息能够传到系统日志编辑这行：SYSLOGD="" so that it reads: SYSLOGD="-a /var/lib/named/dev/log":
vi /etc/defatlt/syslogd
#
# Top configuration file for syslogd
#
#
# Full documentation of possible arguments are found in the manpage
# syslogd(8).
#
#
# For remote UDP logging use SYSLOGD="-r"
#
SYSLOGD="-a /var/lib/named/dev/log"
重启LOG的daemon
/etc/init.d/syslogd restart
启动bind,检查 /var/log/syslog中的错误
/etc/init.d/bind9 start
14 MYSQL
安装：
aptitude install mysql-server mysql-client libmysqlclient15-dev
你会被要求提供一个MYSQL ROOT密码，这个密码对root@localhost和root@server1.example.com一样有效，所以我们不一定要手动设定
New password for the MySQL "root" user: <-- yourrootsqlpassword
Repeat password for the MySQL "root" user: <-- yourrootsqlpassword
我们想离MYSQL监听所有接口，不光localhost,所有我们编辑/etc/mysql/my.cnf 注释掉这行：bind-address = 127.0.0.1:
vi /etc/mysql/my.cnf
[...]
# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
#bind-address = 127.0.0.1
[...]
然后重启MYSQL
/etc/init.d/mysql restart
检查网络中已经启动
netstat -tap | grep mysql
输出应该像这样
root@server1:~# netstat -tap | grep mysql
tcp 0 0 *:mysql *:* LISTEN 4318/mysqld
root@server1:~#
15，安装使用SMTP-AUTH和TLS的Postfix
为了做到这些应该这样：
aptitude install postfix libsasl2-2 sasl2-bin libsasl2-modules procmail
你将被问及
General type of mail configuration: <-- Internet Site
System mail name: <-- server1.example.com
如实回答 然后运行
dpkg-reconfigure postfix
你将再次被问及
General type of mail configuration: <-- Internet Site
System mail name: <-- server1.example.com
Root and postmaster mail recipient: <-- [blank]
Other destinations to accept mail for (blank for none): <-- server1.example.com, localhost.example.com, localhost.localdomain, localhost
Force synchronous updates on mail queue? <-- No
Local networks: <-- 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128
Use procmail for local delivery? <-- Yes
Mailbox size limit (bytes): <-- 0
Local address extension character: <--
Internet protocols to use: <-- all
然后，这样
postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_local_domain ='
postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous'
postconf -e 'broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_mynetworks,reject_unauth_destination'
postconf -e 'inet_interfaces = all'
echo 'pwcheck_method: saslauthd' >> /etc/postfix/sasl/smtpd.conf
echo 'mech_list: plain login' >> /etc/postfix/sasl/smtpd.conf
然后我们创建TLS认证
mkdir /etc/postfix/ssl
cd /etc/postfix/ssl/
openssl genrsa -des3 -rand /etc/hosts -out smtpd.key 1024
chmod 600 smtpd.key
openssl req -new -key smtpd.key -out smtpd.csr
openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -in smtpd.csr -signkey smtpd.key -out smtpd.crt
openssl rsa -in smtpd.key -out smtpd.key.unencrypted
mv -f smtpd.key.unencrypted smtpd.key
openssl req -new -x509 -extensions v3_ca -keyout cakey.pem -out cacert.pem -days 3650
然后我们配置postfix以启用TLS（保证你使用了正确的主机名）
postconf -e 'myhostname = server1.example.com'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_auth_only = no'
postconf -e 'smtp_use_tls = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_use_tls = yes'
postconf -e 'smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/smtpd.key'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/smtpd.crt'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/postfix/ssl/cacert.pem'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_received_header = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s'
postconf -e 'tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom'
文件/etc/postfix/main.cf现在看起来应该像这样
cat /etc/postfix/main.cf
# See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version
# Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first
# line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default
# is /etc/mailname.
#myorigin = /etc/mailname
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu)
biff = no
# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no
# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
#delay_warning_time = 4h
readme_directory = no
# TLS parameters
smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/smtpd.crt
smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/smtpd.key
smtpd_use_tls = yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache
# See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for
# information on enabling SSL in the smtp client.
myhostname = server1.example.com
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
myorigin = /etc/mailname
mydestination = server1.example.com, localhost.example.com, localhost.localdomain, localhost
relayhost =
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128
mailbox_command = procmail -a "$EXTENSION"
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter =
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = all
smtpd_sasl_local_domain =
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_mynetworks,reject_unauth_destination
smtpd_tls_auth_only = no
smtp_use_tls = yes
smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes
smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/postfix/ssl/cacert.pem
smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1
smtpd_tls_received_header = yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s
tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom
saslauthd用来做认证，我们要做些设置以使它正常工作，因为POSTFIX运行chroot于/var/spool/postfix,我们应该这样：
mkdir -p /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd
为了激活saslauthd我们必须修改/etc/default/saslauthd这行
:OPTIONS="-c -m /var/run/saslauthd" 成这样 OPTIONS="-c -m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd -r":
vi /etc/default/saslauthd
# Which authentication mechanisms should saslauthd use? (default: pam)
#
# Available options in this Debian package:
# getpwent -- use the getpwent() library function
# kerberos5 -- use Kerberos 5
# pam -- use PAM
# rimap -- use a remote IMAP server
# shadow -- use the local shadow password file
# sasldb -- use the local sasldb database file
# ldap -- use LDAP (configuration is in /etc/saslauthd.conf)
#
# Only one option may be used at a time. See the saslauthd man page
# for more information.
#
# Example: MECHANISMS="pam"
MECHANISMS="pam"
# Additional options for this mechanism. (default: none)
# See the saslauthd man page for information about mech-specific options.
MECH_OPTIONS=""
# How many saslauthd processes should we run? (default: 5)
# A value of 0 will fork a new process for each connection.
THREADS=5
# Other options (default: -c -m /var/run/saslauthd)
# Note: You MUST specify the -m option or saslauthd won't run!
#
# WARNING: DO NOT SPECIFY THE -d OPTION.
# The -d option will cause saslauthd to run in the foreground instead of as
# a daemon. This will PREVENT YOUR SYSTEM FROM BOOTING PROPERLY. If you wish
# to run saslauthd in debug mode, please run it by hand to be safe.
#
# See /usr/share/doc/sasl2-bin/README.Debian for Debian-specific information.
# See the saslauthd man page and the output of 'saslauthd -h' for general
# information about these options.
#
# Example for postfix users: "-c -m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd"
#OPTIONS="-c -m /var/run/saslauthd"
OPTIONS="-c -m /var/spool/postfix/var/run/saslauthd -r"
将用户postfix加入saal组，（这样postfix才有权限运行saslauthd)
adduser postfix sasl
现在重启服务
/etc/init.d/postfix restart
/etc/init.d/saslauthd start
检查SMTP-AUTH 和 TLS是否工作：
telnet localhost 25
连接后，输入
ehlo localhost
如果能看到
250-STARTTLS
和
250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN
说明一切都很好,我的输出是
root@server1:/etc/postfix/ssl# telnet localhost 25
Trying ::1...
Connected to localhost.localdomain.
Escape character is '^]'.
220 server1.example.com ESMTP Postfix (Ubuntu)
ehlo localhost
250-server1.example.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 10240000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-STARTTLS
250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN
250-AUTH=LOGIN PLAIN
250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
250-8BITMIME
250 DSN
quit
221 2.0.0 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.
root@server1:/etc/postfix/ssl#
输入：
quit
回到系统shell
16.Courier-IMAP/Courier-POP3
先安装：
aptitude install courier-authdaemon courier-base courier-imap courier-imap-ssl courier-pop courier-pop-ssl courier-ssl gamin libgamin0 libglib2.0-0
你将被问及：
Create directories for web-based administration? <-- No
SSL certificate required <-- Ok
在安装时IMAP和POP3的ssl论证是以localhost的主机名安装的，先删除这们认证
cd /etc/courier
rm -f /etc/courier/imapd.pem
rm -f /etc/courier/pop3d.pem
然后编辑两个文件/etc/courier/imapd.cnf和/etc/courier/pop3.cnf，用CN=server1.example.com 替换 CN=localhost ：
vi /etc/courier/imapd.cnf
[...]
CN=server1.example.com
[...]
vi /etc/courier/pop3d.cnf
[...]
CN=server1.example.com
[...]
重建认证
mkimapdcert
mkpop3dcert
重启Courier-IMAP-SSL 和 Courier-POP3-SSL:
/etc/init.d/courier-imap-ssl restart
/etc/init.d/courier-pop-ssl restart
如果你不想用ISPConfig，设置POSTFIX将邮件传到用户的邮件文件夹：
postconf -e 'home_mailbox = Maildir/'
postconf -e 'mailbox_command ='
/etc/init.d/postfix restart
如果你使用ISPConfig这一步不是必须的，因为ISPCONFIG会使用procmail做同样的事,但你得确定你在ISPCONFIG网络接口中启用了Maildir功能：
Maildir under Management -> Server -> Settings -> EMail
17 Apache/PHP5/Ruby/Python/WebDAV
现在安装APACHE
aptitude install apache2 apache2-doc apache2-mpm-prefork apache2-utils apache2-suexec libexpat1 ssl-cert
