Vitamin D3对裸鼠乳腺癌生长的影响

来源:岁月联盟 作者: 时间:2010-07-12

                                     作者:周玮,王加林,赵亚平,王昱,张勇

【关键词】  ,胆骨化醇

    Effect of vitamin D3 on growth of breast cancer in nude mouse xenograft  models
 
  【Abstract】  AIM:  To study the effect of Vit D3 on breast cancer in  nude mouse xenograft models. METHODS:  Each Balb/c nude mouse was injected subcutaneously with human breast cancer cell line MCF7. Two thousand units of Vit D3 was injected in mice thigh muscle every other day and mice were fed with tamoxifen (5 mg/kg) every day. Forty experimental mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: Vit D3 group, the mixed group of Vit D3 and tamoxifen, tamoxifen group and control group. After 4 weeks, the tumor volume was measured and serum calcium and phosphorus levels were assayed. Tumor cells were analyzed with flow cytometery to detect apoptosis and cell cycle. RESULTS:  Serum calcium levels in Vit D3 group were higher than those in control group(2.54±0.05 vs 2.32±0.09 mmol/L, P<0.05), but phosphorus levels were lower(1.78±0.13 vs 2.34±0.06 mmol/L,  P<0.05). The apoptosis rate (%) of tumor cells in Vit D3 group was higher than that of control group (31.5±6.9 vs 7.8±2.5,  P<0.05) and tumor cells were arrested in G0/G1 phase(50.0±3.2 vs 34.2±4.7, P<0.05), especially in the mixed group treated with Vit D3 and tamoxifen. CONCLUSION:  Vit D3 has some synergic effect with tamoxifen and can significantly induce apoptosis of breast cancer cells and arrest tumor cells in G0/G1 phase.
 
  【Keywords】  cholecalciferol; breast neoplasms; apoptosis; cell cycle

  【摘要】  目的: 探讨维生素D3(Vit D3)对乳腺癌裸鼠移植模型的作用. 方法: 裸鼠皮下接种乳腺癌细胞MCF7,建立乳腺癌移植模型. Balb/c裸鼠共40只,随机等分为4组: 对照组、Vit D3 组、三苯氧胺(TAM)组、Vit D3 + TAM组. Vit D3 2000 u, im,隔日1次,三苯氧胺每日5 mg/kg, ig. 治疗4 wk后,检测肿块大小、血清钙、磷水平,并用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡和细胞周期. 结果: Vit D3 治疗组血清钙水平高于对照组(2.54±0.05 vs 2.32±0.09 mmol/L, P<0.05),血磷水平低于对照组(1.78±0.13 vs 2.34±0.06 mmol/L, P<0.05),Vit D3 使肿瘤细胞凋亡率(%)增加(31.5±6.9 vs 7.8±2.5, P<0.05),并使细胞阻滞在G0/G1期(50.0±3.2 vs 34.2±4.7, P<0.05),与TAM有协同作用. 结论: Vit D3 体内可明显诱导乳腺癌细胞凋亡并使细胞阻滞在G0/G1期,增强TAM抗肿瘤作用.
 
  【关键词】  胆骨化醇;乳腺肿瘤;细胞凋亡;细胞周期

  0引言

  近年来,维生素D(Vit D)及其受体在国外肿瘤学领域倍受关注,Vit D的类似物有望成为一种新型的抗癌药物,我们探讨Vit D3 对乳腺癌动物模型的治疗作用如下.

  1材料和方法

  1.1材料

  雌性Balb/c裸鼠,4~6周龄,体质量16~18 g,购于中科院北京动物中心,在清洁动物房饲养. 人乳腺癌细胞株MCF7,雌激素受体阳性. 2.5 g/L胰酶消化、传代,在含小牛血清的RPMI 1640培养基中培养. Vit D3 与三苯氧胺均购自Sigma公司. 流式细胞仪为Becton Dickinson产品.
 
  1.2方法

  取对数生长期的乳腺癌细胞株MCF7, 106接种于裸鼠胸壁4, 5肋间皮下后3 d进行治疗. Balb/c裸鼠共40只,随机等分为4组: 对照组、Vit D3 组(2000 u, im,隔日1次)、三苯氧胺(TAM, 5 mg/kg, ig,每日1次)组、Vit D3 + TAM组. Vit D3 + TAM组的Vit D3 与TAM的用量同单用组,对照组生理盐水im,共4 wk后从鼠眼球采血用于血钙磷的测定,并取下肿块制成单细胞悬液,碘化丙啶(PI)染色30 min,用流式细胞仪检测肿瘤细胞凋亡与细胞周期的改变.
   
  统计学处理: 采用方差分析法分析数据,并用LSDt法对其进行两两比较,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义.

  2结果

  2.1Vit D3对肿瘤大小的影响小鼠接种后饮食正常,活动自如,3wk后形体逐渐消瘦. 4 wk后取下肿块作比较,Vit D3 组(142.9±46.2) mm, Vit D3+ TAM组(144.5±64.9) mm, TAM组(138.4±72.5) mm,与对照组(160.0±58.4) mm相比无显著性差异(P>0.05). Vit D3组、Vit D3+TAM组及单纯的TAM组之间也无显著性差异(P>0.05).
 
  2.2Vit D3对血钙磷的影响Vit D3组与Vit D3+TAM组的血清钙水平明显高于另外2组, 血清磷水平则低于对照组与TAM治疗组(表1). 表1Vit D3 与TAM对裸鼠乳腺癌动物模型血清钙磷, 细胞周期与凋亡的影响(略)

  2.3细胞周期和细胞凋亡Vit D3与TAM皆可使乳腺癌细胞阻滞于G0/G1期,可明显诱导细胞的凋亡,Vit D3与TAM合用其诱导凋亡作用更明显,其凋亡率明显高于对照组,二者之间有协同作用(表1).

  3讨论

  Vit D3 和Vit D受体(VDR)为乳腺癌的内分泌治疗带来新的曙光[1],约80%的乳腺癌表达VDR, Vit D3 和抗雌激素药续贯或联用可克服乳腺癌细胞对抗雌激素治疗的耐药性[2],还可抑制乳腺癌细胞内的信号传导,使肿瘤细胞的增殖受抑制[3-5]. Vit D3 对乳腺癌细胞的作用主要通过VDR而发挥作用. VDR首先和9cis维甲酸的受体(RXR)结合形成二聚体,然后再影响乳腺细胞的核受体的功能. 这方面的研究已经成为乳腺癌内分泌治疗的热点问题之一,特别是在雌激素受体阴性的乳腺癌治疗方面,希望通过对VDR和RXR的研究后能有所突破[6]. 我们发现,Vit D3 对乳腺癌的治疗主要通过诱导乳腺癌细胞凋亡而实现,因此其细胞毒作用弱于化疗药如阿霉素等,为乳腺癌综合治疗提供了一个有前途的治疗选择.

  【】

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